General Wellness

ANTIBODY TREATMENT FOR CORONAVIRUS

Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance or mimic the immune system’s attack on cancer cells. They are designed to bind to antigens that are generally more numerous on the surface of cancer cells than healthy cells.

Lilly’s coronavirus antibody treatment shows modest signs it may treat infection

Eli Lilly and Co. has reported that a  trial of an antibody therapy shows it is safe and may reduce some symptoms of coronavirus disease.

It’s one of several monoclonal antibodies being tested in coronavirus patients. Monoclonal antibodies are lab-engineered immune system particles designed to home in on specific parts of whatever you are targeting. They have been used with some success in treating cancer as well as viruses. With cancer, cells are used to create antibodies against them. These are multiplied in the lab and then given back to patients. The antibodies attach to the cancer cells, our own immune system recognizes them as foreign (something the cancer cells were able to evade and thus grow) and then they are targeted and destroyed. In the case of SARS Cov-2, LY-CoV555, the monoclonal antibody being tested, targets the spike protein of the virus, the part it uses to attach to the cells it infects. The spike protein is what gives this virus it’s name, “Corona”, like the spikes of a crown. Similarly to cancer treatments, our own immune system then recognizes them as foreign and attacks, or “neutralizes” them,

This Phase 2 trial involved only about 450 volunteers with coronavirus infections, but it did show nearly everyone had cleared the virus by 11 days. Although people given the placebo (sugar pill) also developed antibodies and recovered, the highest dose of antibody significantly sped up the process of clearing the virus. No one needed help breathing using a ventilator, and no one who got placebo or treatment died.

There was a 72% reduction in hospitalization rates among those treated, but only a very few people were hospitalized. The patients who got the antibody were 3 times less likely to be hospitalized, compared to those on placebo. Most study hospitalizations occurred in patients with underlying risk factors (age or BMI), suggesting a more pronounced treatment effect for patients in these higher-risk groups. 

LY-CoV555 was well-tolerated, with no drug-related serious adverse events reported.

Although this is still early in the study with relatively small numbers of patients, the news is promising. 

Using such neutralizing antibodies can help in the fight against COVID-19 but again, it is one more thing in our arsenal to treat this disease, and prevention is still key.

Stay Safe

AC 😎✌️🌱❤🐖🏃🏻🧘🏻‍♂️🌎😷

Just to be clear, masks work and, next to distancing, are the most important disease mitigating measure you can take.

We keep hearing from our leaders how even Dr. Fauci said early on that we didn’t need them, but it has been many months since then and we know a lot more now.

They have been shown to reduce the spread of the virus as well as reducing the potential for contracting it. And regardless of how many people have mild cases, you DO NOT want to contract it. You’re playing Russian Roulette with your life. CDC chief Robert R. Redfield, MD stated recently that masks will be more effective than any flu vaccine that may be on the horizon.

ETIQUETTE. There are variations on this quote but the one attributed to Abraham Lincoln is the simplest. “My right to swing my fist ends where your nose begins”.

Think what you want about your own personal protection and your own personal rights, but the fact is that masks are more important to protect others from you than to protect you from others. It’s that simple. Please be courteous to others by wearing a mask when around them, especially indoors where there is much less ventilation. It shows you care.

Cover your nose since this is the main location of viral concentration in the upper airway.

If it has a piece of metal to mold over your nose, don’t wear it upside down!

Stop touching it! You are just contaminating yourself.

MISCONCEPTIONS. Masks WON’T cause CO2 poisoning or oxygen deprivation! The only people who should have any concerns are those who already have severe lung disease and even then, short periods of mask wearing pose virtual no threat. Asthma is not an excuse. There will be another longer post coming up on mask myths.

Yes they are uncomfortable, but so are hearing aids, glasses and taking the myriad of drugs most Americans are on. We use them because we need to use them. 

EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS.

In a nutshell, the harder it is to breathe through, the more effective it is at filtering out droplets and viral particles, in both directions. That having been said, we do not all need to be walking around in hazmat suits either. Below is a list of masks and materials and how effective they are.

Medical grade masks.

N95 – without a valve – These are the most effective at filtering in both directions assuming there is a nice, tight fit. There are more effective industrial masks (N100) and closed-loop respirators but we are not astronauts or Darth Vader and don’t need them outside of the operating room or in extremely dangerous situations like our front-line healthcare providers.

N95 – with a filter – Protects the wearer but does little for anyone else. When you breathe out, all the particles go out directly. If you sneeze and cough, some of the droplets get blocked, but most get out.

N95 masks are a little harder to get and there is something to be said for reserving them for higher risk people or healthcare workers.

Hospital/Medical masks (typically, light blue with ear loops). Also very effective and a lot easier to get.

Homemade or Commercial Masks

Fabrics like cotton are great, especially if multilayer. The more snugly they fit around your nose and chin, the better. Some have been shown to be even as effective as N95 masks, especially if they have an added filter inside.

Bandanas and handkerchief masks provide little if any protection because of how loose they often are. Again, just like the valved masks, if you sneeze or cough, some droplets get caught in the fabric, but a lot get around it as well.

Fabrics like spandex and anything thin and stretchy, although more comfortable to wear and breathe through, can be worse than wearing nothing. They take larger droplets an aerosolize them making them smaller and easier to inhale, in both directions. You may inadvertently be putting yourself and others at greater risk.

Shields. If worn alone, they also provide little to no protection. They protect your eyes from large, sneezed or coughed particles, and the same outwards, but that’s about it.

Medical masks cannot be washed but they can be worn a number of times. Keep a rotation, placing them on your dash in the sun. 2-3 days will  kill anything. The same goes for cloth masks. Also, there are some devices which use UVC light rays to kill all microbes. They can also be used to sterilize phones, wallets… Fabric masks can be washed at home every few days but doing so daily is not necessary unless you have a specific exposure concern.

TIP for ear-loop masks. There are a number of products available called “loop mask extenders”. Simple devices which pull the loops off the ears with a strap across the back of the head. This is really great if you wear them for a long time or wear a hearing aid. I have had patients lose hearing aids because they get caught in the loop and go flying. They are available online pretty inexpensively or make your own with cloth and buttons. You need about 6 inches between the buttons.

Back to the mantra.

1. DISTANCE. Physical, not social. #1 behavior to protect yourself.
2. MASK UP. Wear it correctly. Wear an effective one. Don’t fool yourself.
3. WASH YOUR HANDS. Reserve hand sanitizers, which are loaded with chemicals, for emergencies. If a chemical is on you, it is in you! More to come on this topic.
4. DON’T TOUCH YOUR FACE.
5. GET HEALTHY.
6. VENTILATE.
7. VACCINATE.

Stay SAfe and Be Well.

AC😎✌️🌱❤🐖🏃🏻🧘🏻‍♂️🌎😷